https://cs.fyi/guide/how-does-internet-work

terms

  • packet when data is sent across the internet, it is sent in small packets.
  • router device that directs packets of data between different networks.
  • ip address unique identifier for each device (used to locate the destination to route data)
  • domain name human readable name used to identify a website.
  • dns domain name system, responsible for translating domain names into ip addresses.
  • http hyper text transfer protocol, used to transfer data between client and server.
  • https provides secure communication between client and server, using ssl/tls encryption.
  • ssl / tls secure socket layer and transport layer security protocol.

protocol

a set of rules and standards that define how information is exchanged between devices and systems.

internet protocol (ip) responsible for routing packets of data to their correct destination.

transmission control protocol (tcp) & user datagram protocol (udp) ensures packets are transferred reliably.

domain name system (dns) translate human readable domain names into ip addresses.

http transfer data between clients and servers.